Atmosphere

Semi-natural habitats are integral to most agricultural areas and have the potential to support ecosystem services, especially biological control and pollination by supplying resources for the invertebrates providing these services and for soil conservation by preventing erosion and run-off.

Fallow land is all arable land either included in the crop rotation system or maintained in good agricultural and environmental condition (GAEC), whether worked or not, but which will not be harvested for the duration of a crop year. The essential characteristic of fallow land is that it is left to recover, normally for the whole of a crop year.

Reduced stocking density for livestock is a management practice that involves reducing the number of animals that are kept in a given area. This can help to prevent overgrazing and improve the health of the soil, vegetation, and animals. It can also help to conserve resources and reduce environmental impact.

This process involves tilling the soil to incorporate green manure and cover crops into the soil. Green manure and cover crops are used to improve the fertility and structure of soil, and by tilling the soil, the nutrients and organic matter from the green manure and cover crops are released into the soil, providing the soil with the necessary nutrients and organic matter that it needs.

Using Nitrogen -fixing bacteria for reduction of chemical N fertilizers. Soil inoculation with Nitrogen-fixing bacteria is a process where beneficial bacteria are added to the soil to help it absorb nitrogen from the atmosphere and convert it into a form that plants can use. This process helps improve the fertility of the soil and can be beneficial for long-term crop production. The bacteria can also help to improve the soil structure and water-holding capacity, as well as reduce the need for chemical fertilizers.

Earthworms are one of the most important organisms in soil that play an important role in maintaining natural soil processes. Excessive amounts of slurry, which contains a high proportion of nitrogen in the form of ammonia, such as ammonium sulfate and some manures, can reduce the number of earthworms in the soil. Harmful effects on earthworms can be reduced by avoiding the application of slurry on wet and poorly permeable soil.

Introducing intercrops for green manure into the crop rotation to preserve soil organic matter, prevent soil erosion and reduce nitrate leaching.

This describes a system of providing the necessary nutrients to field crops in order to achieve optimum health and growth. This could involve organic fertilizers, soil amendments, or other soil enrichment products. The goal is to maintain a balanced nutrient supply to the crops that is enough to optimize their health and production.

Feed additives can inhibit microorganisms that produce methane in the rumen of cattle. The additives can be natural feed supplements like garlic, or plants like kelp.

Soil cover conserves moisture, reduces temperature, intercepts raindrops (to reduce their destructive impact), suppresses weed growth, and provides habitat for members of the soil food web that spend at least some of their time above ground. This is true regardless of land use (cropland, hayland, pasture, or range). Keeping the soil covered while allowing crop residues to decompose (so their nutrients can be cycled back into the soil) can be a bit of a balancing act.