Atmosphere

Organic farming rules are a set of practices and standards that promote the sustainability and health of agricultural systems. These rules aim to minimize the use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and other harmful chemicals, while maximizing the use of natural resources and methods to produce safe, healthy food. Organic farming also focuses on soil health, water conservation, and animal welfare.

Rational grazing intensity can provide a sustainable way to maintain soil fertility, C sequestration, efficient nutrient recycling, and overall ecosystem stability and adopting the correct grazing time (warm-season grazing) is critical for species diversity conservation and nutrient sequestration within the topsoil

A cover crop is defined as a close-growing crop that provides soil protection, seeding protection, and soil improvement between periods of normal crop production. 

Relay intercropping describes a cropping pattern in which the lifecycle of one crop overlaps that of another crop. Relay intercropping is a form of crop rotation where two or more crops are grown together in the same area. This system of planting allows for the use of space more efficiently and encourages the growth of beneficial plants that can improve soil fertility and reduce weed growth. The plants are planted in successive waves, with different crops planted in each wave.

Crop rotation is the practice of planting different crops sequentially on the same plot of land to improve soil health, optimize nutrients in the soil, and combat pest and weed pressure.

Fallow land is all arable land either included in the crop rotation system or maintained in good agricultural and environmental condition (GAEC), whether worked or not, but which will not be harvested for the duration of a crop year. The essential characteristic of fallow land is that it is left to recover, normally for the whole of a crop year. 

Green manure is a type of crop that is grown to improve the fertility of soil. It is usually a type of legume, such as alfalfa, clover, or vetch, which is planted, allowed to grow, and then plowed back into the soil, adding organic matter and nutrients. Green manure helps to improve soil structure, suppress weeds, reduce erosion, and improve water retention. Legumes are a type of plant that are able to take nitrogen from the atmosphere and fix it in the soil.